Murugan K, Kumar PM, Kovendan K, Amerasan D, Subrmaniam J, Hwang J-S. Larvicidal, pupicidal, repellent and adulticidal activity of Citrus sinensis orange peel extract against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). The frequent use of synthetic repellents with chemical origin for mosquito control has disturbed natural ecosystems and resulted in the development of resistance to insecticides, resurgence in mosquito populations, and adverse impact on non-target organisms [4, 7]. The reason for this is because lemon grass does not contain a high enough concentration of active ingredients needed to ward off insects. The results of this study showed that some plants essential oils and extracts have significant repellent activity against Anopheles spp. Chemical composition and mosquito repellency of essential oil of Conyza newii propagated in different geographical locations of Kenya. Morehead JA. 2008;149:112. repel 24 attempted ant bites. Citronella (50ml) & Lemon Grass (50ml) - 100ml Total . Chichester: Wiley; 1996. p. 25466. Lara M, Gutierrez J, Timon M, Andrs A. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. gambiae [54]. Asian Pac J Trop Med. The present systematic review was performed to reveal which plant-based repellent can be relied on to provide a prolonged and predictable protection from species of Anopheles mosquitoes without causing side effects on human health. Almehmadi RM. J Saudi Soc Agric Sci. used for the experiment were easily provided. Trop Biomed. Tawatsin A, Wratten SD, Scott RR, Thavara U, Techadamrongsin Y. Repellency of volatile oils from plants against three mosquito vectors. All data were independently extracted by two reviewers and disagreements were solved by discussion, and if necessary, a third author was involved. Part of Yogananth N, Anuradha V, Ali MYS, Muthezhilan R, Chanthuru A, Prabu MM. Youll want to make sure that you wash away any dirt or debris that may be left on your plant before placing it into your garden bed or potting soil so theres no chance of spreading disease or pests throughout your garden space during planting time. Trongtokit Y, Curtis CF, Rongsriyam Y. Efficacy of repellent products against caged and free flying Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. If a consensus was not reached, another reviewer was consulted to resolve any feasible discrepancies. Baskar K, Sudha V, Nattudurai G, Ignacimuthu S, Duraipandiyan V, Jayakumar M, et al. 2003;89:1859. Accessed 28 Mar 2016. C. Making the Insect Repellent components of lemongrass oil varied with where they are planned. All products are 100% handmade in the USA from organic locally sourced ingredients, and were completely cruelty-free. Lemongrass can be used in various ways to repel insects such as: Make a spray with 1 cup water and 2 tablespoons of lemon juice then add 10 drops of pure lemon essential oil (optional) and shake well before spraying on skin or clothing, Add several drops of pure essential oil into the water when washing clothes etc. Human Expand View via Publisher SA made substantial contributions to perform professional writing of the manuscript and preparing it. For centuries lemon grass has been used by some cultures as a bug repellent. The field of herbal repellents is extremely fertile as people demand mosquitoes repellents that are safe, pleasant to usage and ecologically maintainable. Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a01114897df77067d388156bfc0abdd2" );document.getElementById("b721d86728").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. minimus for 2h. Moreover, 20% gel of clove protected against An. While, in another study [45], it repelled An. statement and 2008;15:1012. Google Scholar. generally safe. Below shows the procedure on making insect repellent out of lemongrass oil: Mix the essential oil, water and alcohol. 2009;41:28. The plant, indigenous to Europe, is now widespread in cultivation worldwide [66]. Mosquito larvicidal, pupicidal, adulticidal, and repellent activity of Artemisia nilagirica (Family: Compositae) against Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti. Cite this article. Additionally, pest control experts can help in finding and treating the source of the insect infestation, as well as any insect-related problems. Karunamoorthi K, Ilango K, Murugan K. Laboratory evaluation of traditionally used plant-based insect repellent against the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis Patton (Diptera: Culicidae). Province. 2005;10:11908. Repellent compounds contained in this plant include alpha-pinene, citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol (Duke 2000). Cruelty free and biodegradable. found that Neem extract is not affective against An. Google Scholar. This paper . In our data, the repellent is safe since it didnt cause itchiness and does not Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. Lemon grass may help repel dengue mosquitoes. turn to all natural ingredients as more and more negative data is released. Moore S, Lenglet A, Hill N. Plant-based insect repellents. the related studies. Article Tavassoli et al. Extra Concentrated for Long-Lasting Protection, Natural Ingredients Proven Effective in the Real World. endobj Birkett MA, Hassanali A, Hoglund S, Pettersson J, Pickett JA. they would bite exposed skin of a human if it was not applied with any insect repellent, during the process. The 20% oil solution of T. minuta in the study conducted by Amer et al. Its extracted will help repel mosquitoes. ALL IN ONE REPELLENT AND ANTI-ITCH: No-Bite-Me DOES IT ALL. Karunamoorthi K. The counterfeit anti-malarial is a crime against humanity: a systematic review of the scientific evidence. With that, the researchers gained [6], with mean percentage repellency 71% had a complete protection time for 3h against An. Results of the Experiment in Observing of the Products Affordability. Nevertheless, Birkett et al. of alcohol should not be more than the amount of lemongrass oil in order to maintain the It produces fragrant white flowers in clusters at the top of the stems, which bloom throughout the summer months. The search was limited to English publications. Fabbri A, Hormaza J, Polito V. Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars. All titles and abstracts were screened by two independent investigators for eligibility. Phasomkusolsil S, Soonwera M. Insect repellent activity of medicinal plant oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn. conducting experiments on humans hand and insects, specifically, mosquitoes and Lemongrass also has many other benefits including being an anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, antiseptic and antioxidant. Presently, there is no effective prophylactic anti-malarial vaccine and no suitable preventive measure other than vector control is available [5]. Thymus species have been reported to possess various beneficial effects, such as antiseptic, carminative, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties [70]. 2014;13:209. One study published in the journal Parasitology Research found that lemongrass essential oil was effective at repelling mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Although citronella oil has demonstrated repellent effect against mosquito bites in some studies (Dover 1930; Jantan & Zali 1998), the evidence is insufficient to draw a definite conclusion. In 2 studies, repellency effectiveness of rosemary was reported. Possibly, the most important aspect in increasing the permanence of such repellents that are effective but volatile is improving formulations of plant extracts to elevate their longevity through the development of nanoemulsions, improved formulations, and fixatives. Thymeisone of nine species belonging to T. serpyllum, aperennialaromaticplantoftheMediterranean flora [69]. There is no significant difference in using lemongrass oil as an effective natural 2014;21:21929. Panneerselvam C, Murugan K, Kovendan K, Kumar PM. Moreover, when it comes to ants, the product can 100% Myrtleisamemberof theMyrtaceae familywhich is botanically linked to eucalyptus [73]. Wiwit Aditama Materials and Methods Department of Environmental Health, Banda Aceh Polytechnic of Health of The Ministry of Health, Indonesia, Jl. Specifically, it seeks to answer to the following questions: 1. Amer et al. 2012;111:175769. [22] also supported that rosemary at 1, 2.5 and 5mg/cm2 concentrations completely repels An. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. Krishnappa K, Elumalai K, Dhanasekaran S, Gokulakrishnan J. Larvicidal and repellent properties of Adansonia digitata against medically important human malarial vector mosquito Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae). Is lemongrass oil as an insect repellent; The 20% oil solution of myrtle in the study conducted by Amer et al. This study is limited to testing insect repellent made from insect repellent. J Agric Food Chem. stephensi for 6.5h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. CAS In 2 studies, repellency effectiveness of tagetes was explored. Combined effect of seaweed (Sargassum wightii) and Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis on the coastal mosquito, Anopheles sundaicus. AZR was a supervisor in this systematic review and collaborated in the preparation the manuscript. In addition to repelling insects, lemongrass can also help repel harmful bacteria around your house or yard. effectiveness of Lemongrass as a Natural Insect Repellent. The 20% oil solution of catnip in the study carried out by Amer et al. Liloan, Cebu 6002 Philippines. Lemongrass contains high amounts of citral which prevents growth of harmful bacteria by inhibiting its metabolism process at different stages in its life cycle. This findings support the study of Dumay and Arcilla Jr. (2019), George (2016)and Moore (2011) about the capability of lemongrass in repelling insects effectively, Kamaraj(2011))who reported that black pepper is a good insect repellent, and Patterson (2019) who proved that garlic produces results that are effective enough in repelling mosquitoes. Jeyabalan D, Arul N, Thangamathi P. Studies on effects of Pelargonium citrosa leaf extracts on malarial vector. 2014;26:30510. For the Parents/Guardians that in making insect repellent with the use of recommend the following: For the Future Researchers who would like to conduct the experiment that in Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions Grade 12 - Module, Philippine Pop Culture - Doreen G. Fernandez (pdf notes), Statistics-and-Probability G11 Quarter-4 Module-6 Computation-of-Test-Statistic-on-Population-Mean final, First Voyage Around the World (Sample Document Analysis)), 198853914 Obligations and Contracts Hector de Leon Reviewer, EEd323 Module in Contemporary, Popular and Emergent Literature, Effects of mobile legends research final document 2 math final na talaga, [Reviewer] (Prof Ed) Child AND Adolescent Development, Multiple learners in modular learning modality thesis, Face to face classes versus Modular distance learning Compare and Contrast, Activity 1 - Introduction to Cost Accounting, Analysis ON THE Speech OF CORY Aquino During THE US Congress, Chapter 1-Introduction in History (Reading in Philippine History), Differences and Similarities of ROTC, LTS, CWTS, Module 1 of People and the Earth's Ecosystem, Chapter 1 - Patterns and Numbers in the World, English-for-academic-and-professional-purposes-quarter-2-module-2 compress, 1. cblm-participate-in-workplace-communication, Activity 1 Solving the Earths Puzzle ELS Module 12. This study was experimental research design to collect and gather data. Rosemary isan evergreen aromatic shrub with a Mediterranean origin, which belongs to Lamiaceae (Labiatae) family [77]. arabiensis. properties of lemon grass and use it as an individual and area spray. In the study by Phasomkusolsil et al. for safe use, lemongrass oil is mixed by water and alcohol. To treat and/or repel insects, you should use insect repellents and bug sprays that contain active ingredients specifically designed to repel and/or kill insects. dirus. SAFE FOR CHILDREN: No-Bite-Me is a completely safe, natural bug repellent. lemongrass as an insect repellent and to raise awareness on how to prevent insect- dirus for 0.83h. Phasomkusolsi et al. [22], C. zeylanicum at 1mg/cm2 showed 1h protection against An. GENTLE ON KIDS, EASY-TO-USE. Cookies policy. Ansari et al. 2016;115:99106. 2007;24:715. Trongtokit Y, Rongsriyam Y, Komalamisra N, Apiwathnasorn C. Comparative repellency of 38 essential oils against mosquito bites. dirus [43]. In conclusion, lemongrass oil is really the important component of lemongrass Mehdi Khoobdel or Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani. ), Anopheles minimus (Theobald) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say based on protection time and biting rate. In: Foundation Ciba, editor. 2010;106:121723. Miele M, Dondero R, Ciarallo G, Mazzei M. Methyleugenol in Ocimum basilicum L. Cv genovese gigante. J Med Entomol. 2011;4:10611. since every materials we used were found at home, we only spent money for our gambiae [54]. PubMed The highest repellency effect was identified from Ligusticum sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, Dalbergia sissoo, peppermint and Rhizophora mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5h. Furthermore, essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and Curcuma longa also showed good repellency with 8h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles. Moreover, this chapter includes the Research Design, Research Govindarajan M, Rajeswary M, Sivakumar R. Repellent properties of Delonix elata (L) Gamble (Family: Fabaceae) against malaria vector Anopheles stephensi (Liston)(Diptera: Culicidae). Grognet J. Catnip: its uses and effects, past and present. Results of the Experiment in Observing the Repellency of the Product Effective on black flies, mosquitoes, fleas, and ticks. Method: Cymbopogon oil (75ml) was extracted from 200g of fresh Lemongrass leaves using Soxhlet method with n-Hexane as solvent. J Vector Ecol. 2012;111:195364. Singh AK, Dhamanigi SS, Asad M. Anti-stress activity of hydro-alcoholic extract of Eugenia caryophyllus buds (clove). Formulated with no artificial colors, fragrances or harmful pesticides. Pappenberger B, Geier M, Boeckh J. repellents are safer than DEET components of a repellent. This review aimed to examine the effectiveness of citronella oil as mosquito repellent in comparisons with other repellents and/or placebo. Sadia S, Khalid S, Qureshi R, Bajwa AA. 2010;13:8596. the product. Alayo M, Femi-Oyewo M, Bakre L, Fashina A. Larvicidal potential and mosquito repellent activity of Cassia mimosoides extracts. Herbal insecticides, repellents and biomedicines: effectiveness and commercialization. 2011;15:10109. Parasitol Res. that can be used as an insect repellent. A recent study revealed that An. Barnard DR. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae).
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